Optical observations of "hot" novae returning to quiescence

TL;DR

This study monitors the return to quiescence of various novae using optical photometry and spectroscopy, revealing periodic modulations, shell fragmentation, and insights into mass transfer processes in different binary systems.

Contribution

It provides new observational data on novae returning to quiescence, including periodicities, shell evolution, and spectral line analysis across diverse binary types.

Findings

Periodic modulations observed in V4743 Sgr and V2491 Cyg.

Shell fragmentation detected in T Pyx less than 3 years post-outburst.

Absence of forbidden coronal lines suggests intermittent mass transfer in symbiotic recurrent novae.

Abstract

We have monitored the return to quiescence of novae previously observed in outburst as supersoft X-ray sources, with optical photometry of the intermediate polar (IP) V4743 Sgr and candidate IP V2491 Cyg, and optical spectroscopy of these two and seven other systems. Our sample includes classical and recurrent novae, short period (few hours), intermediate period (1-2 days) and long period (symbiotic) binaries. The light curves of V4743 Sgr and V2491 Cyg present clear periodic modulations. For V4743 Sgr, the modulation occurs with the beat of the rotational and orbital periods. If the period measured for V2491 Cyg is also the beat of these two periods, the orbital one should be almost 17 hours. The recurrent nova T Pyx already shows fragmentation of the nebular shell less than 3 years after the outburst. While this nova still had strong [OIII] at this post-outburst epoch, these lines had already faded after 3 to 7 years in all the others. We did not find any difference in the ratio of equivalent widths of high ionization/excitation lines to that of the Hbeta line in novae with short and long orbital period, indicating that irradiation does not trigger high mass transfer rate from secondaries with small orbital separation. An important difference between the spectra of RS Oph and V3890 Sgr and those of many symbiotic persistent supersoft sources is the absence of forbidden coronal lines. With the X-rays turn-off, we interpret this as an indication that mass transfer in symbiotics recurrent novae is intermittent.