Proof of a Conjecture of Reiner-Tenner-Yong on Barely Set-valued Tableaux

TL;DR

This paper proves a conjecture relating barely set-valued semistandard Young tableaux to standard tableaux for certain shapes, by connecting their counts through expected jaggedness and properties of balanced shapes.

Contribution

It establishes a new connection between barely set-valued tableaux and reverse plane partitions, confirming a conjecture for rectangular staircase shapes.

Findings

Confirmed the Reiner-Tenner-Yong conjecture for rectangular staircase shapes.

Derived a formula linking barely set-valued and standard tableaux counts for balanced shapes.

Connected expected jaggedness of subshapes to tableau enumeration.

Abstract

The notion of a barely set-valued semistandard Young tableau was introduced by Reiner, Tenner and Yong in their study of the probability distribution of edges in the Young lattice of partitions. Given a partition $\lambda$ and a positive integer $k$, let ${\mathrm{BSSYT}}(\lambda,k)$ (respectively, ${\mathrm{SYT}}(\lambda,k)$) denote the set of barely set-valued semistandard Young tableaux (respectively, ordinary semistandard Young tableaux) of shape $\lambda$ with entries in row $i$ not exceeding $k+i$. In the case when $\lambda$ is a rectangular staircase partition $\delta_d(b^a)$, Reiner, Tenner and Yong conjectured that $|{\mathrm{BSSYT}}(\lambda,k)|= \frac{kab(d-1)}{(a+b)} |{\mathrm{SYT}}(\lambda,k)|$. In this paper, we establish a connection between barely set-valued tableaux and reverse plane partitions with designated corners. We show that for any shape $\lambda$, the expected jaggedness of a subshape of $\lambda$ under the weak probability distribution can be expressed as $\frac{2|{\mathrm{BSSYT}}(\lambda,k)|} {k|{\mathrm{SYT}}(\lambda,k)|}$. On the other hand, when $\lambda$ is a balanced shape with $r$ rows and $c$ columns, Chan, Haddadan, Hopkins and Moci proved that the expected jaggedness of a subshape in $\lambda$ under the weak distribution equals $2rc/(r+c)$. Hence, for a balanced shape $\lambda$ with $r$ rows and $c$ columns, we establish the relation that $|{\mathrm{BSSYT}}(\lambda,k)|=\frac{krc}{(r+c)}|{\mathrm{SYT}}(\lambda,k)|$. Since a rectangular staircase shape $\delta_d(b^a)$ is a balanced shape, we confirm the conjecture of Reiner, Tenner and Yong.