Acoustic Phonon Lifetimes Limit Thermal Transport in Methylammonium Lead Iodide

TL;DR

This study reveals that acoustic phonons in methylammonium lead iodide have extremely short lifetimes, limiting heat dissipation and affecting electron-phonon interactions, which are crucial for optoelectronic device performance.

Contribution

First high-precision measurement of acoustic phonon lifetimes in MAPI, linking short lifetimes to strong three-phonon interactions and organic cation dynamics.

Findings

Phonon lifetimes are on the order of picoseconds.

Acoustic phonons have nanometer-scale mean free paths.

Short lifetimes impact heat dissipation and electron-phonon coupling.

Abstract

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have become an important class of semiconductors for solar cells and other optoelectronic applications. Electron-phonon coupling plays a critical role in all optoelectronic devices, and although the lattice dynamics and phonon frequencies of HOIPs have been well studied, little attention has been given to phonon lifetimes. We report the first high-precision measurements of acoustic phonon lifetimes in the hybrid perovskite methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI), using inelastic neutron spectroscopy to provide high energy resolution and fully deuterated single crystals to reduce incoherent scattering from hydrogen. Our measurements reveal extremely short lifetimes on the order of picoseconds, corresponding to nanometer mean free paths and demonstrating that acoustic phonons are unable to dissipate heat efficiently. Lattice-dynamics calculations using ab-initio third-order perturbation theory indicate that the short lifetimes stem from strong three-phonon interactions and a high density of low-energy optical phonon modes related to the degrees of freedom of the organic cation. Such short lifetimes have significant implications for electron-phonon coupling in MAPI and other HOIPs, with direct impacts on optoelectronic devices both in the cooling of hot carriers and in the transport and recombination of band edge carriers. These findings illustrate a fundamental difference between HOIPs and conventional photovoltaic semiconductors and demonstrate the importance of understanding lattice dynamics in the effort to develop metal halide perovskite optoelectronic devices.