Effect of the magnetized medium on the decay of neutral scalar bosons

TL;DR

This paper investigates how an external magnetic field and finite temperature influence the decay rates of a neutral scalar boson into fermions and charged scalars, revealing magnetic suppression effects.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of decay widths under magnetic fields and finite temperature, comparing weak and strong field approximations, which advances understanding of scalar boson decays in magnetized media.

Findings

Magnetic fields generally suppress decay widths.

Decay behavior varies between weak and strong magnetic field regimes.

Results have potential applications in astrophysics and particle physics environments.

Abstract

The decay of a heavy neutral scalar particle into fermions and into charged scalars are analyzed when in the presence of an external magnetic field and finite temperature. Working in the one-loop approximation for the study of these decay channels, it is shown that the magnetic field leads in general to a suppression of the decay width whenever the kinematic constrain depends explicitly on the magnetic field. Our results are also compared with common approximations found in the literature, e.g., when the magnitude of the external magnetic field is smaller than the decaying product particle masses, i.e., in the weak field approximation, and in the opposite case, i.e., in the strong field approximation. Possible applications of our results are discussed.