Big Jets Model with CPT Invariance and Dynamics of Expansion with Quantum Yang-Mills Gravity

TL;DR

This paper proposes a Big Jets cosmological model based on CPT invariance and Yang-Mills gravity, deriving expansion dynamics that align with observed universe age and suggesting symmetric evolution for matter and antimatter universes.

Contribution

It introduces a Big Jets model incorporating CPT invariance and Yang-Mills gravity, deriving expansion equations consistent with observations, and extending the model symmetrically to antimatter.

Findings

Estimated universe age of ~15.3 billion years matches observations.

Derived expansion dynamics using Yang-Mills gravity in a cosmological context.

Proposed symmetric evolution for matter and antimatter universes.

Abstract

Based on particle physics, the fundamental CPT invariance suggests a Big Jets model for the beginning of the universe, in which two oppositely directed jets evolved into a gigantic "matter half-universe" and a gigantic "antimatter half-universe" after annihilation and decay processes. In the geometric-optics limit, quantum Yang-Mills gravity with $T_4$ translational gauge symmetry in flat spacetime leads to an effective metric tensor in the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for macroscopic objects. This effective metric tensor does not exist in the wave equations of quantum particles. For cosmological expansion, we assume that an "effective metric tensor" for spacetime geometry based on Yang-Mills gravity corresponds to the usual FLRW form. Dynamical equations of expansion for the matter half-universe are obtained and solved. The time-dependent scale factors and the estimated age of the universes, $t^{YM}_o \approx 15.3 \times 10^9 yr$, based on Yang-Mills gravity are consistent with experiments. CPT invariance implies that the same evolution process and dynamics of cosmic expansion also hold for the distant `antimatter half-universe.'