Bipartite and Tripartite Entanglement for Three Damped Driven Qubits

TL;DR

This paper studies bipartite and tripartite entanglement in a system of three damped, driven qubits, using a generalized concurrence and direct detection, revealing how entanglement varies with system parameters and configurations.

Contribution

It introduces a systematic approach to quantify bipartite and tripartite entanglement in open quantum systems with collective dissipation and driving, applying it to three qubits with specific spatial arrangements.

Findings

Entanglement depends on the unravelling of the density matrix.

Calculated residual three-way entanglement (tangle) for various parameters.

Identified conditions under which the system reduces to two qubits with a readout port.

Abstract

We investigate bipartite and tripartite entanglement in an open quantum system, specifically three qubits, all of which are damped, and one of which is driven. We adapt a systematic approach in calculating the entanglement of various bipartite splits usinga generalized concurrence as an indicator of entanglement. Our calculations are based on a direct detection scheme that is a particular unravelling of the density matrix. This system has a collective dipole-dipole energy shift that couples the atoms and the dissipation is via partially collective spontaneous emission described by the Lehmberg-Agarwal master equation.Our results are unravelling dependent, but apply to applications of entanglement based on direct detection. We also calculate the three-way tangle or residual entanglement for this system. We present calculations for a variety of driving and damping rates, and examine what decay rate is adequate for the system to be reduced to two qubits with a readout port. We also consider a specific model of three atoms located at particular positions in free space.