Dynamical initialization and hydrodynamic modeling of relativistic heavy-ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper introduces a comprehensive 3D dynamical model for initial conditions in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, incorporating baryon stopping and nucleon deceleration, and integrates it with hydrodynamics to improve flow predictions.

Contribution

The paper develops a novel 3+1D dynamical initialization model that includes baryon stopping and nucleon deceleration, enhancing the realism of heavy-ion collision simulations.

Findings

The model accurately estimates baryon stopping during early collision stages.

Dynamical initialization significantly affects hadronic flow observables.

Implementation with hydrodynamics improves agreement with experimental data.

Abstract

We present a fully three-dimensional model providing initial conditions for energy and conserved charge density distributions in heavy ion collisions at RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) collision energies. The model includes the dynamical deceleration of participating nucleons or valence quarks. It provides a realistic estimation of the initial baryon stopping during the early stage of collisions. We also present the implementation of the model with 3+1 dimensional hydrodynamics, which involves the addition of source terms that deposit energy and net-baryon densities produced by the initial state model at proper times greater than the initial time for the hydrodynamic simulation. The importance of this dynamical initialization stage on hadronic flow observables at the RHIC BES is quantified.