$\Upsilon$ suppression in a hadron gas

TL;DR

This study investigates how bottom meson interactions in a hot hadron gas affect the production and absorption of the $ $Upsilon particle, revealing significant suppression during the hadronic phase.

Contribution

The paper introduces anomalous interactions into effective Lagrangian calculations of $ $Upsilon cross sections, extending previous models and providing a dynamic evolution of $ $Upsilon abundance.

Findings

Hadronic interactions significantly reduce $ $Upsilon abundance.

Updated cross sections with anomalous interactions.

Dynamic modeling of $ $Upsilon evolution in hadron gas.

Abstract

In this work we study the interactions of bottom mesons which lead to $\Upsilon$ production and absorption in hot hadronic matter. We use effective Lagrangians to calculate the $\Upsilon$ production cross section in processes such as $ \bar{B}^{(*)} + B^{(*)} \to \Upsilon + (\pi, \rho)$ and also the $\Upsilon$ absorption cross section in the corresponding inverse processes. We update and extend previous calculations by Lin and Ko, introducing anomalous interactions. The obtained cross sections are used as input to solve the rate equation which allows us to follow the time evolution of the $\Upsilon$ multiplicity. In contrast to previous conjectures, our results suggest that the interactions in the hadron gas phase strongly reduce the $\Upsilon$ abundance.