Three local actions in $6$-valent arc-transitive graphs

TL;DR

This paper constructs infinite families of 6-valent arc-transitive graphs with specific local actions, demonstrating exponential vertex-stabiliser sizes and exploring eigenvalue properties of related cubic graphs.

Contribution

It provides explicit constructions of 6-valent arc-transitive graphs with prescribed local actions for the first time for these groups, resolving a long-standing open problem.

Findings

Constructed infinite families of 6-valent arc-transitive graphs with local actions A_4(6), S_4(6d), S_4(6c)

Vertex-stabiliser sizes grow exponentially with graph size

Developed a family of cubic 2-arc-transitive graphs with linearly growing 1-eigenspace dimension

Abstract

It is known that there are precisely three transitive permutation groups of degree $6$ that admit an invariant partition with three parts of size $2$ such that the kernel of the action on the parts has order $4$; these groups are called $A_4(6)$, $S_4(6d)$ and $S_4(6c)$. For each $L\in \{A_4(6), S_4(6d), S_4(6c)\}$, we construct an infinite family of finite connected $6$-valent graphs $\{\Gamma_n\}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ and arc-transitive groups $G_n \le \rm{Aut}(\Gamma_n)$ such that the permutation group induced by the action of the vertex-stabiliser $(G_n)_v$ on the neighbourhood of a vertex $v$ is permutation isomorphic to $L$, and such that $|(G_n)_v|$ is exponential in $|\rm{V}(\Gamma_n)|$. These three groups were the only transitive permutation groups of degree at most $7$ for which the existence of such a family was undecided. In the process, we construct an infinite family of cubic $2$-arc-transitive graphs such that the dimension of the $1$-eigenspace over the field of order $2$ of the adjacency matrix of the graph grows linearly with the order of the graph.