Hybrid model with dynamical sources for heavy-ion collisions at BES energies

TL;DR

This paper introduces a comprehensive (3+1)-dimensional hybrid model for heavy-ion collisions at BES energies, integrating dynamical sources and baryon transport to improve the understanding of collision dynamics.

Contribution

It presents a novel hybrid evolution model with dynamical sources and baryon diffusion, enhancing the simulation accuracy of heavy-ion collisions at BES energies.

Findings

Sensitivity of initial conditions to model parameters

Impact of baryon diffusion on hydrodynamic evolution

Improved modeling of energy-momentum transfer

Abstract

We develop a (3+1)-dimensional hybrid evolution model for heavy-ion collisions with dynamical sources for the energy-momentum tensor and baryon current. During an initial pre-equilibrium stage based on UrQMD, the four-momenta and baryon numbers carried by secondary particles created within UrQMD are fed continuously, after a short thermalization time, into a (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic evolution module including baryon transport. The sensitivity of the initial conditions to model parameters and the effect of baryon diffusion on the hydrodynamic evolution are studied.