Solar Models with dynamic screening and early mass loss tested by helioseismic, astrophysical, and planetary constraints

TL;DR

This paper investigates early massive Sun models with dynamic screening and mass loss, testing their consistency with helioseismic, planetary, and astrophysical constraints to address the faint young Sun paradox.

Contribution

It introduces a model combining early mass loss and dynamic screening corrections, providing a novel approach to solving the faint young Sun paradox.

Findings

Mass-losing models align with planetary constraints

Dynamic screening improves helioseismic agreement

Early Sun models can reconcile planetary and stellar observations

Abstract

The faint young Sun paradox remains an open question. Presented here is one possible solution to this apparent inconsistency, a more massive early Sun. Based on conditions on early Earth and Mars, a luminosity constraint is set as a function of mass. We examine helioseismic constraints of these alternative mass-losing models. Additionally, we explore a dynamic electron screening correction in an effort to improve helioseismic agreement in the core of the an early mass-losing model.