Role of contact work function, back surface field and conduction band offset in CZTS solar cell

TL;DR

This paper uses simulation to optimize key interface and contact parameters in CZTS solar cells, significantly improving efficiency and reducing back contact work function requirements.

Contribution

It identifies the combined effects of contact work function, back surface field, and conduction band offset on CZTS solar cell efficiency, proposing an optimal configuration.

Findings

Efficiency improves by about 70% with parameter optimization.

Back surface field reduces the need for high work function back contacts.

Optimal parameters include a work function of 5.2 eV, BSF layer, and CBO of 0.1 eV.

Abstract

We employ simulation based approach for enhancing the efficiency of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) based solar cells. Initial benchmarking of simulation with the experimentally reported solar cell in literature is performed by incorporating a suitable defect model. We then explore the effects of: (a) conduction band offset (CBO) at CZTS/CdS junction, (b) back surface field (BSF) due to an additional layer with higher carrier density, and (c) high work function back contact. Efficiency is observed to improve by about 70% upon optimizing the above three parameters. We also observe that utilizing BSF in the configuration can reduce the high work function requirement of the back contact. A work function of 5.2 eV (e.g., using Ni), a BSF layer (e.g., using SnS), and a CBO of 0.1 eV (e.g., using ZnS) constitute an optimal configuration.