High-speed extended-volume blood flow measurement using engineered point-spread function

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel computational microscopy technique using Airy beams for high-precision, snapshot 3D blood flow imaging in live zebrafish, enabling detailed analysis of cardiovascular dynamics in large volumes.

Contribution

It combines Airy beam properties with computational microscopy to achieve high-speed, extended-volume blood flow measurement with sub-micron precision in living organisms.

Findings

Achieved 600 μm axial range for blood flow imaging.

Tracked fluorescent beads with sub-micron accuracy.

Validated trajectories against SPIM vasculature segmentation.

Abstract

Experimental characterization of blood flow in living organisms is crucial for understanding the development and function of cardiovascular systems, but there have been no techniques reported for snapshot imaging of thick samples in large volumes with high precision. We have combined computational microscopy and the diffraction-free, self-bending property of Airy beams to track fluorescent beads with sub-micron precision through an extended axial range (up to 600 $\mu$m) within the flowing blood of 3 days post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish embryos. The spatial trajectories of the tracer beads within flowing blood were recorded during transit through both cardinal and intersegmental vessels, and the trajectories were found to be consistent with the segmentation of the vasculature recorded using selective-plane illumination microscopy (SPIM). This method provides precise spatial and temporal measurement of 3D blood flow with potential for enhanced understanding of fundamental dynamics, such as measurement of wall shear stress or of cardiovascular disease.