Etude de la composition chimique et du potentiel pharmacologique associ{\'e} de Phyllanthus amarus Schum et Thonn (1827)

TL;DR

This study analyzes the chemical composition of Phyllanthus amarus using UHPLC-MS, identifying bioactive compounds that explain its traditional medicinal uses and providing data for safer medicinal application.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed chemical profiling of Phyllanthus amarus from Guadeloupe, identifying key bioactive compounds and discovering new constituents in this species.

Findings

Identification of polyphenolic compounds including phyllanthin, rutin, and gallic acid

Discovery of previously unlisted compounds in the species

Confirmation of bioactive compounds supporting traditional medicinal uses

Abstract

In August 2013, the French pharmacopoeia was enriched with 43 plants used in French overseas territories, including 15 proposed by APLAMEDAROM association of Guadeloupe. However, for most of them, no data on the chemical composition, qualitatively and quantitatively is available in the literature for these specimens; this is an issue to their commercialization in dispensary, pharmacists wishing to know their composition in order to avoid the problems of dosage and drug interactions. Among these plants, Phyllanthus amarus Schum. \& Thonn. (1827), commonly called 'Grenn anba f{\`e}y' [1], is well known for its potent medicinal properties especially hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antiviral (flu), anti-inflammatory, anti-cholesterol [2]. In Guadeloupe, this plant is generally used freshly harvested in infusion but also in aqueous decoction [3]. Besides, these studies are conducted in association with APLAMEDAROM association in order to identify the polar constituents and then to understand better the origin of the observed properties. Therefore, using UHPLC-MS, we were able to identify the presence of bioactive polyphenolic compounds, including phyllanthin, rutin and gallic acid. Phyllanthin, characteristic of the specie, is a very active lignan with high antioxidant, hepatoprotective and anticancer properties [2]. Rutin is known for its antioxidant and anti-hypertensive properties [2]. Gallic acid is distinguished by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiviral and anticancer properties and has the advantage of being a bioavailable compound. Similarly, many compounds never listed to date in this specie were also highlighted and are currently purified.