Thermoplasmonic behavior of semiconductor nanoparticles: A comparison with metals

TL;DR

This study compares the thermoplasmonic properties of semiconductor nanoparticles like silicon and gallium arsenide with noble metals such as gold, highlighting their stability and lower losses at high temperatures for nanoplasmonic applications.

Contribution

It provides a detailed size-dependent analysis of semiconductor versus metal nanoparticles' thermoplasmonic behavior using Mie theory and experimental dielectric models.

Findings

Semiconductor nanoparticles show less resonance deterioration at high temperatures.

Gold nanoparticles exhibit significant damping due to Drude broadening.

Semiconductors are more suitable for high-temperature nanoplasmonic applications.

Abstract

A number of applications in nanoplasmonics utilize noble metals, gold (Au) and silver (Ag), as the materials of choice. However, these materials suffer from problems of poor thermal and chemical stability accompanied by significant dissipative losses under high-temperature conditions. In this regard, semiconductor nanoparticles have attracted attention with their promising characteristics of highly tunable plasmonic resonances, low ohmic losses and greater thermochemical stability. Here, we investigate the size-dependent thermoplasmonic properties of semiconducting silicon and gallium arsenide nanoparticles to compare them with metallic Au nanoparticles using Mie theory. To this end, we employ experimentally estimated models of dielectric permittivity in our computations. Among the various permittivity models for Au, we further compare the Drude-Lorentz (DL) and the Drude and critical points (DCP) models. Results show a redshift in the scattering and absorption resonances for the DL model while the DCP model presents a blueshift. The dissipative damping in the semiconductor nanoparticles is strongest for the sharp electric octupole resonances followed by the quadrupole and dipole modes. However, a reverse order with strongest values for the broad dipole resonance is observed for the Au nanoparticles. A massive Drude broadening contributes strongly to the damping of resonances in Au nanoparticles at elevated temperatures. In contrast, the semiconductor nanoparticles do not exhibit any significant deterioration in their scattering and absorption resonances at high temperatures. In combination with low dissipative damping, this makes the semiconductor nanoparticles better suited for high-temperature applications in nanoplasmonics wherein the noble metals suffer from excessive heating.