On observable particles in theories with a Brout-Englert-Higgs effect

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that in gauge theories with a Brout-Englert-Higgs effect, the observable particle spectrum can differ from perturbative predictions, with implications confirmed through lattice simulations and potential experimental effects.

Contribution

It analytically describes and confirms the deviation of observable spectra from elementary predictions using the Fröhlich-Morchio-Strocchi mechanism and lattice simulations in a toy grand unification model.

Findings

Observable spectrum differs from perturbative predictions.

Lattice simulations confirm the theoretical deviations.

Potential observable effects in lepton collision scattering cross-sections.

Abstract

Even at weak coupling the physical, observable spectrum of gauge theories with a Brout-Englert-Higgs effect can deviate from the elementary one of perturbation theory. This can be analytically described and treated using the Fr\"ohlich-Morchio-Strocchi mechanism. We confirm this by lattice simulation for an SU(3) gauge theory with a fundamental scalar, a toy model for grand unification. We also show that this has experimentally observable consequence, e.g., in scattering cross-sections of lepton collisions in this toy model.