One-Sided Device-Independent Certification of Unbounded Random Numbers

TL;DR

This paper introduces a robust one-sided device-independent protocol that certifies unbounded quantum randomness using non-projective measurements, without assuming adversary behavior, and evaluates its practical feasibility under noise.

Contribution

It presents a new protocol for unbounded randomness certification in a one-sided device-independent setting, improving robustness over previous methods and removing assumptions about adversary behavior.

Findings

Protocol certifies unbounded randomness in ideal conditions.

Numerical results confirm optimal performance in ideal case.

Feasibility analysis shows potential for implementation with ion trap networks.

Abstract

The intrinsic non-locality of correlations in Quantum Mechanics allow us to certify the behaviour of a quantum mechanism in a device independent way. In particular, we present a new protocol that allows an unbounded amount of randomness to be certified as being legitimately the consequence of a measurement on a quantum state. By using a sequence of non-projective measurements on single state, we show a more robust method to certify unbounded randomness than the protocol of Churchod et al., by moving to a one-sided device independent scenario. This protocol also does not assume any specific behaviour of the adversary trying to fool the participants in the protocol, which is an advantage over previous steering based protocols. We present numerical results which confirm the optimal functioning of this protocol in the ideal case. Furthermore, we also study an experimental scenario to determine the feasibility of the protocol in a realistic implementation. The effect of depolarizing noise is examined, by studying a potential state produced by a networked system of ion traps.