Super Fast Beam and Channel Tracking in 2D Phased Antenna Arrays

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fast, joint beam and channel tracking algorithm for 2D phased antenna arrays in mmWave communications, achieving near-optimal accuracy and speed in dynamic scenarios.

Contribution

It develops an asymptotically optimal sequence of beamforming parameters for joint tracking, proven to converge to the CRLB in static cases.

Findings

Outperforms existing algorithms in tracking accuracy.

Achieves faster tracking speed.

Converges to the minimum CRLB in static scenarios.

Abstract

Millimeter wave (mmWave) is an attractive candidate for high-speed mobile communications in the future. However, due to the propagation characteristics of mmWave, beam and and and and alignment becomes a key challenge for serving users with fast moving speeds. In this paper, we develop a joint beam and channel tracking algorithm that can track beams from the horizontal and vertical directions by using two-dimensional (2D) phased antenna arrays. A general sequence of optimal trial beamforming parameters is obtained to achieve the minimum Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of joint beam and channel tracking asymptotically as antenna number grows to infinity. This sequence is proved to be asymptotically optimal in different conditions, e.g., channel coefficients, path directions, and antenna array sizes. We prove that the proposed algorithm converges to the minimum CRLB in static scenarios. Simulation results show that our algorithm outperforms several existing algorithms in tracking accuracy and speed band.