A Tale of Two Anomalies

TL;DR

This paper explores a scalar particle model that could simultaneously explain the discrepancies in electron and muon anomalous magnetic moments, suggesting a unified solution to two longstanding anomalies.

Contribution

It proposes a scalar particle scenario where two-loop Barr-Zee diagrams dominate, providing a potential unified explanation for both electron and muon g-2 anomalies.

Findings

Scalar solution can explain both anomalies simultaneously

Two-loop Barr-Zee diagrams dominate the effect

Implications for scalar couplings and future experiments

Abstract

A recent improved determination of the fine structure constant, $\alpha= 1/137.035999046(27)$, leads to a $\sim 2.4 \sigma$ negative discrepancy between the measured electron anomalous magnetic moment and the Standard Model prediction. That situation is to be compared with the muon anomalous magnetic moment where a positive $\sim 3.7 \sigma$ discrepancy has existed for some time. A single scalar solution to both anomalies is shown to be possible if the two-loop electron Barr-Zee diagrams dominate the scalar one-loop electron anomaly effect and the scalar couplings to the electron and two photons are relatively large. We also briefly discuss the implications of that scenario.