Influence of oceanic turbulence on propagation of Airy vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum

TL;DR

This paper analytically investigates how oceanic turbulence affects the propagation and detection probability of Airy vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum, revealing factors that enhance their robustness for underwater optical communication.

Contribution

It derives an analytic expression for detection probability of Airy-OAM beams in anisotropic oceanic turbulence and compares their turbulence resistance to Laguerre-Gaussian beams.

Findings

Lower temperature variance dissipation improves detection probability.

Airy-OAM beams with smaller topological charge and larger radius are more turbulence-resistant.

Airy-OAM beams outperform Laguerre-Gaussian beams in turbulence resistance for charges >5.

Abstract

With Rytov approximation theory, we derive the analytic expression of detection probability of Airy vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) through an anisotropic weak oceanic turbulence. We investigate the influences of turbulence parameters and beam parameters on the propagation properties of Airy-OAM beam. The numerical simulation results show that the anisotropic oceanic turbulence with a lower dissipation rate of temperature variance, smaller ratio of temperature and salinity contributions to the refractive index spectrum, higher dissipation rate of kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid, bigger inner scale factor, larger anisotropic coefficient causes the larger detection probability of Airy-OAM beam. Moreover, the Airy-OAM beam with a smaller topological charge, larger main ring radius and longer wavelength, has strong resistance to oceanic turbulent interference. Additionally, the detection probability decreases with the increase of receiving aperture size. In comparison with Laguerre-Gaussian-OAM beam, Airy-OAM beam has more anti-interference to turbulence when its topological charge is larger than 5 due to its non-diffraction and self-healing characteristics. The results are useful for underwater optical communication link using Airy-OAM beam.