Towards Energy Harvesting Powered Sensor Networks for Cyber-Physical Systems

TL;DR

This paper explores the integration of energy harvesting technology into sensor networks for cyber-physical systems, addressing challenges and proposing a framework for fully energy-harvesting-powered CPS architectures.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive framework for fully energy-harvesting-powered CPS, including models, architecture, and real-time communication considerations.

Findings

Discusses EH-powered CPS architecture and theoretical challenges.

Proposes a framework for fully EH-powered CPS.

Addresses different EH models and future research directions.

Abstract

The concept of sensor networks (WSNs) has become an important component of the recently proposed cyber-physical systems (CPSs) and Internet of Things which can connect the physical world with embedded software systems. Energy- harvesting (EH) as an enabling technology applied in SNs can heavily reduce the installation and maintenance cost as well as increase system life, flexibility, and scalability as the EH is subject to the important "energy interruption" problem where system tasks can be significantly disrupted by the EH outputs. This problem not only affects the system modeling but also relates to the cross-layer network design and schedulability. This paper discusses the EH-powered CPS architecture and some theoretical problems. In particular, we propose a framework for fully EH-powered CPS, within which essential topics are discussed, such as EH software architecture, EH models, and real-time communication. Different EH models for CPSs (e.g., fully EH-powered and partially EH-powered) are addressed. Future research directions are briefly discussed in the end.