Multiparameter estimation via an ensemble of spinor atoms

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum interferometry scheme using spinor atoms to simultaneously estimate multiple parameters with Heisenberg-limited precision, outperforming individual estimation methods.

Contribution

It proposes a multimode many-body quantum interferometry approach with GHZ states for multiparameter estimation, achieving Heisenberg-limited precision dependent on hyperfine spin.

Findings

Simultaneous estimation reaches Heisenberg limit with precision depending on hyperfine spin F.

The scheme outperforms individual parameter estimation in precision.

Demonstration with three-mode interferometry using spin-1 Bose condensates.

Abstract

Multiparameter estimation, which aims to simultaneously determine multiple parameters in the same measurement procedure, attracts extensive interests in measurement science and technologies. Here, we propose a multimode many-body quantum interferometry for simultaneously estimating linear and quadratic Zeeman coefficients via an ensemble of spinor atoms. Different from the scheme with individual atoms, by using an $N$-atom multimode GHZ state, the measurement precisions of the two parameters can simultaneously attain the Heisenberg limit, and they respectively depend on the hyperfine spin number $F$ in the form of $\Delta p \propto 1/(FN)$ and $\Delta q \propto 1/(F^2N)$. Moreover, the simultaneous estimation can provide better precision than the individual estimation. Further, by taking a three-mode interferometry with Bose condensed spin-1 atoms for an example, we show how to perform the simultaneous estimation of $p$ and $q$. Our scheme provides a novel paradigm for implementing multiparameter estimation with multimode quantum correlated states.