Proton shape fluctuations and its relation to DIS

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent advances in understanding proton shape fluctuations through exclusive processes at HERA and explores their implications for interpreting LHC heavy ion data and proton collision geometries.

Contribution

It synthesizes recent experimental progress and discusses potential methods to directly extract proton geometry from high-energy collision data.

Findings

Proton shape fluctuations can be studied via exclusive processes at HERA.

Insights from these studies aid in interpreting LHC heavy ion collision data.

Potential to directly measure proton geometry from high-multiplicity collisions.

Abstract

We review the recent progress in extracting the proton fluctuating substructure by studying exclusive processes at HERA, and the applications of these developments in the interpretation of the LHC heavy ion data. The possibilities to extract the proton geometry directly from the LHC high-multiplicity proton-nucleus and proton-proton collision data is also discussed.