Learning Factorized Multimodal Representations

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel model that learns factorized multimodal representations, effectively capturing intra- and cross-modal interactions, handling missing data, and achieving state-of-the-art results across multiple datasets.

Contribution

The paper proposes a joint generative-discriminative model with factorized representations for multimodal data, improving robustness and interpretability.

Findings

Achieves state-of-the-art performance on six datasets.

Can reconstruct missing modalities without performance loss.

Provides interpretable multimodal representations.

Abstract

Learning multimodal representations is a fundamentally complex research problem due to the presence of multiple heterogeneous sources of information. Although the presence of multiple modalities provides additional valuable information, there are two key challenges to address when learning from multimodal data: 1) models must learn the complex intra-modal and cross-modal interactions for prediction and 2) models must be robust to unexpected missing or noisy modalities during testing. In this paper, we propose to optimize for a joint generative-discriminative objective across multimodal data and labels. We introduce a model that factorizes representations into two sets of independent factors: multimodal discriminative and modality-specific generative factors. Multimodal discriminative factors are shared across all modalities and contain joint multimodal features required for discriminative tasks such as sentiment prediction. Modality-specific generative factors are unique for each modality and contain the information required for generating data. Experimental results show that our model is able to learn meaningful multimodal representations that achieve state-of-the-art or competitive performance on six multimodal datasets. Our model demonstrates flexible generative capabilities by conditioning on independent factors and can reconstruct missing modalities without significantly impacting performance. Lastly, we interpret our factorized representations to understand the interactions that influence multimodal learning.