Dark matter for $b\to s \mu^+ \mu^-$ anomaly in a gauged $U(1)_X$ model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new physics model with a dark matter candidate that simultaneously explains the $b o s \mu^+\mu^-$ anomaly, linking flavor physics and dark matter phenomenology through a gauged $U(1)_X$ symmetry.

Contribution

The model uniquely combines a gauged $U(1)_X$ symmetry with new scalar and fermion particles to address flavor anomalies and dark matter stability in a unified framework.

Findings

Successfully explains the $b o s \mu^+\mu^-$ anomaly with new box diagrams.

Provides a viable dark matter candidate consistent with relic abundance.

Explores different scenarios for dark matter interactions, including gauge and Higgs portals.

Abstract

We propose a new physics model which has a cold dark matter candidate and can explain the $b \to s \mu^+\mu^-$ anomaly at the same time. Our model includes a scalar quark $\widetilde{q}$ and a scalar lepton $\widetilde{\ell}$ which are $SU(2)_L$-doublet as well as a Dirac fermion $N$ which is $SU(2)_L$-singlet. The new particles are charged under a gauged $U(1)_X$ group which is spontaneously broken to a discrete $Z_2$ symmetry by a dark scalar $S$. The remnant $Z_2$ symmetry stabilizes the dark matter. Box diagrams with $\widetilde{q}$, $\widetilde{\ell}$, and $N$ running inside the loop can generate the correct Wilson coefficients $C_9^\mu = -C_{10}^\mu$ to accommodate the $b \to s \mu^+\mu^-$ anomaly while avoiding constraints such as $B_s-\overline{B}_s$ mixing. The dark matter annihilation into a second generation lepton pair via $t$-channel $\widetilde{\ell}$-exchanging process plays an important role in producing the current dark matter relic abundance of the universe, showing a strong interplay between the flavor and dark matter physics. We also discuss dark-gauge-interaction-dominated and Higgs-portal-dominated scenarios for dark matter physics.