On a scalar field of time and electromagnetism

TL;DR

This paper proposes a model linking a scalar field of time to electromagnetism, suggesting electric charge also generates gravity and exploring geometric and physical implications of event misalignment and field strengths.

Contribution

It introduces a novel framework connecting scalar time, electromagnetism, and gravity, emphasizing event misalignment and geometric orientations affecting physical constants.

Findings

Electric charge contributes to gravity, not just mass.

The model relates physical constants to geometric orientations and event misalignments.

Field strength coefficients are derived from mainstream physics concepts.

Abstract

It is possible to describe a universal scalar field of time but not a universal coordinate of time and to attribute its non-geodesic alignment to the electromagnetic phenomena. A very surprising outcome is that not only mass generates gravity, but also electric charge does. Charge is, however, coupled to a non-geodesic vector field and thus is not totally equivalent to inertial mass. Only the entire "Energy-Momentum" tensor has a vanishing divergence. The model can be seen as misalignment of physically accessible events in an observer spacetime and of gravity as a controlling response by volumetric contraction of the observer spacetime in the direction where events bend or accelerate to. This non geodesic acceleration is described by a generalization of the Reeb vector. Misalignment of events can be described by 1, 2, and 3 such vectors. The paper presents a term with 4 vectors but does not discuss its physical meaning. The paper also discusses particle mass ratios and the Fine Structure Constant where added or subtracted area in relation to a disk does not involve a ratio 1/24 but 1/96 due to the physical meaning of the orientation of a space foliation which is perpendicular to a time-like vector and due to the orientation of a plane which is perpendicular to a time-like vector. These two orientations mean that only one side of a 3-dimensional foliation has a physical meaning and only one side of a sub-plane of that foliation has a physical meaning then (1/2)*(1/2)*(1/24_=1/96. Another interpretation of the factor 1/4 is the Bekenstein - Hawking entropy to area constant. An additional coefficient 4/{\pi} describes an acceleration field strength and has a compelling source in mainstream physics. Other two field strength coefficients are 95/96 and a critical value due to an imbalance equation between gravity and anti-gravity ~1.556198537190348396563877031439915299.