The Galaxies Beamline at SOLEIL Synchrotron: Inelastic X-ray Scattering and Photoelectron Spectroscopy in the Hard X-ray Range

TL;DR

The GALAXIES beamline at SOLEIL provides advanced inelastic X-ray scattering and photoelectron spectroscopy in the hard X-ray range, enabling detailed bulk-sensitive material analysis with high resolution and selectivity.

Contribution

This paper introduces the GALAXIES beamline's design, capabilities, and recent applications in IXS and HAXPES techniques for material characterization.

Findings

Demonstrated high-resolution IXS and HAXPES measurements on solids and gases

Showcased the beamline's chemical and orbital selectivity

Discussed future prospects for liquid studies

Abstract

The GALAXIES beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron is dedicated to inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) and photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) in the 2.3-12 keV hard x-ray range. These two techniques offer powerful, complementary methods of characterization of materials with bulk sensitivity, chemical and orbital selectivity, resonant enhancement and high resolving power. After a description of the beamline components and endstations, we address the beamline performances through a selection of recent works both in the solid and gas phases and using either IXS or HAXPES approaches. Prospects for studies on liquids are discussed.