31 Glitches in Twelve Radio Pulsars

TL;DR

This study analyzes 12 radio pulsars over several years, identifying 31 glitches and observing diverse post-glitch behaviors, including exponential recoveries and long-term frequency changes, enhancing understanding of pulsar glitch phenomena.

Contribution

It reports 18 new glitches, updates previous glitch data, and provides detailed analysis of glitch recovery behaviors and their implications for pulsar internal dynamics.

Findings

18 new glitches detected

Exponential recoveries observed in large glitches

Bimodal distribution of glitch sizes validated

Abstract

Data are gathered from the Parkes pulsar data archive of twelve young radio pulsars, with the intervals of data for each pulsar ranged between 2.8 years and 6.8 years. 31 glitches are identified by using phase connection from "pulsar timing" technology, ranging from $1.7\times10^{-9}$ to $8.5\times10^{-6}$ at the change in relative glitch sizes $\Delta\nu/\nu$, where $\nu=1/P$ is the pulse frequency. 8 post-glitch behaviours of 13 published glitches are updated with 4 exponential recoveries observed. Detecting 18 new glitches has great significance, but only one exponential relaxation was discovered in these new glitches. The bimodal distribution of $\Delta\nu/\nu$, as before, is validated with peaks at $\sim 10^{-6}$ and $\sim 10^{-9}$. Moreover, all exponential decays were observed in large glitches, and have very low $Q$. It takes short time toward the extrapolation of the pre-glitch pulse frequency with the timescale of 40 or 80 days. Besides, most glitches exhibit a linear decrease in slow-down rate $|\dot{\nu}|$ and a permanent change in $\ddot{\nu}$ after glitch. In special, PSR J1341-6220 was detected 4 new glitches to compose a total of 27 glitches, rising in third place of the most actively glitching pulsars known with a glitch rate of $1.17$ glitches per year. Unusual post-glitch behaviours demonstrate long-lasting increase of $\nu$ for hundreds of days in PSR J1112--6103 and PSR J1614--5048.