The cosmological nature of the dark Universe

TL;DR

This paper proposes a cosmological model where a variable negative cosmological term explains dark matter and dark energy, aligning with observations and resolving the cosmological constant and missing mass problems.

Contribution

It introduces a coupling mechanism of a variable cosmological term with matter and radiation, providing a unified explanation for dark matter and dark energy.

Findings

Dark matter's equation of state matches galaxy rotation curves

Model resolves the cosmological constant problem

Dark matter creation and annihilation processes are described

Abstract

This paper deals with the cancellation mechanism, which identifies the energy density of space-time expansion in an empty universe with the zero-point energy density and avoids the scale discrepancy with the observed energy density (cosmological constant problem). Using an intrinsic degree of freedom which describes the coupling of a variable cosmological term $\Lambda$ with non-relativistic matter and radiation, the following consequences are demonstrated by coupling only a small contribution of $\Lambda$ with non-relativistic matter. First, the standard model of cosmology with a positive cosmological constant can be generalised such that the missing mass problem of dark matter is solved by an overall negative variable cosmological term. Second, the model under consideration is compatible with constraints from the standard model of particle physics. Third, an equation of state parameter of dark matter is derived which agrees with observations of rotational curves of galaxies. Moreover, the creation and annihilation process of dark matter is presented.