Increased critical temperature $T_c$ in the ideal anisotropic boson gas

TL;DR

This paper explores how maintaining finite thermal anisotropy can enhance the critical temperature and condensate density in Bose-Einstein condensation and electron pair fluids, even out of equilibrium.

Contribution

It introduces the concept that thermal anisotropy can positively influence the critical temperature in non-equilibrium boson gases and electron pair fluids.

Findings

Thermal anisotropy raises the Bose-Einstein transition temperature.

Anisotropy increases condensate density.

Effect persists beyond thermal relaxation times.

Abstract

A finite thermal anisotropy, if maintained for times longer than thermal relaxation times, may have a positive effect on the critical temperature in Bose-Einstein condensation of a dilute boson gas not in thermal equilibrium or quasi-particle fermi fluid consisting of spin-compensated electron pairs. It raises the transition temperature while increasing the condensate density.