Sensitivity study of experimental measures for the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition in the statistical multifragmentation model

TL;DR

This study evaluates various experimental measures to identify the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition within the statistical multifragmentation model, highlighting the most sensitive indicators for detecting the critical point in nuclear fragmentation processes.

Contribution

It systematically analyzes the sensitivity of multiple measures for the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition within the SMM framework, identifying the most reliable indicators.

Findings

Total multiplicity derivative accurately indicates the critical point.

NVZ measure is effective for both primary and secondary fragments.

All measures show critical signatures near the phase transition point.

Abstract

The experimental measures of the multiplicity derivatives, the moment parameters, the bimodal parameter, the fluctuation of maximum fragment charge number (NVZ), the Fisher exponent ($\tau$) and Zipf's law parameter ($\xi$), are examined to search for the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear multifragmention processes within the framework of the statistical multifragmentation model (SMM). The sensitivities of these measures are studied. All these measures predict a critical signature at or near to the critical point both for the primary and secondary fragments. Among these measures, the total multiplicity derivative and the NVZ provide accurate measures for the critical point from the final cold fragments as well as the primary fragments. The present study will provide a guide for future experiments and analyses in the study of nuclear liquid-gas phase transition.