Linearized wave turbulence convergence results for three-wave systems

TL;DR

This paper proves that in small nonlinearity and noise limits, the fluctuations of Fourier mode amplitudes in three-wave systems converge to solutions of the wave kinetic equation, bridging stochastic and deterministic wave turbulence models.

Contribution

It establishes convergence results for Fourier mode fluctuations to the wave kinetic equation in both stochastic and deterministic three-wave systems with small nonlinearity and noise.

Findings

Fluctuations converge to the linearized wave kinetic equation.

Deterministic systems exhibit Birkhoff reduction without kinetic description.

Results connect wave turbulence theory with rigorous mathematical proofs.

Abstract

We consider stochastic and deterministic three-wave semi-linear systems with bounded and almost continuous set of frequencies. Such systems can be obtained by considering nonlinear lattice dynamics or truncated partial differential equations on large periodic domains. We assume that the nonlinearity is small and that the noise is small or void and acting only in the angles of the Fourier modes (random phase forcing). We consider random initial data and assume that these systems possess natural invariant distributions corresponding to some Rayleigh-Jeans stationary solutions of the wave kinetic equation appearing in wave turbulence theory. We consider random initial modes drawn with probability laws that are perturbations of theses invariant distributions. In the stochastic case, we prove that in the asymptotic limit (small nonlinearity, continuous set of frequency and small noise), the renormalized fluctuations of the amplitudes of the Fourier modes converge in a weak sense towards the solution of the linearized wave kinetic equation around these Rayleigh-Jeans spectra. Moreover, we show that in absence of noise, the deterministic equation with the same random initial condition satisfies a generic Birkhoff reduction in a probabilistic sense, without kinetic description at least in some regime of parameters.