Probing the origin of extragalactic magnetic fields with Fast Radio Bursts

TL;DR

This paper explores how analyzing dispersion and Faraday Rotation Measures from Fast Radio Bursts can constrain the origins of extragalactic magnetic fields, emphasizing the importance of upcoming radio surveys for cosmological insights.

Contribution

It demonstrates that measuring Rotation Measures in a few hundred Fast Radio Bursts can distinguish between different models of cosmic magnetic field origins, regardless of source distribution.

Findings

Rotation Measures ≥ 1-10 rad/m^2 in ~100 FRBs can differentiate magnetic field origin scenarios

Upcoming radio surveys will significantly improve constraints on extragalactic magnetic fields

Method depends on magnetisation models but remains robust with sufficient data

Abstract

The joint analysis of the Dispersion and Faraday Rotation Measure from distant, polarised Fast Radio Bursts may be used to put constraints on the origin and distribution of extragalactic magnetic fields on cosmological scales. While the combination of Dispersion and Faraday Rotation Measure can in principle give the average magnetic fields along the line-of-sight, in practice this method must be used with care because it strongly depends on the assumed magnetisation model on large cosmological scales. Our simulations show that the observation of Rotation Measures with $\geq 1-10 ~\rm rad/m^2$ in $\sim 10^2$ Fast Radio Bursts will be able to discriminate between extreme scenarios for the origin of cosmic magnetic fields, independent of the exact distribution of sources with redshift. This represent a strong case for incoming (e.g. ALERT, CHIME) and future (e.g. with the Square Kilometer Array) radio polarisation surveys of the sky.