Special temperatures in frustrated ferromagnets

TL;DR

This paper introduces the concept of special temperatures in frustrated ferromagnets, where competing interactions balance, providing an accessible way to identify potential spin liquid states or magnetic order.

Contribution

It presents the first phenomenological and microscopic theory of special temperatures in frustrated ferromagnets, supported by experimental data on Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ and other materials.

Findings

Identification of special temperatures where interactions balance

High special temperatures serve as experimental diagnostics

Application to multiple frustrated magnetic materials

Abstract

The description and detection of unconventional magnetic states such as spin liquids is a recurring topic in condensed matter physics. While much of the efforts have traditionally been directed at geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets, recent studies reveal that systems featuring competing antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions are also promising candidate materials. We find that this competition leads to the notion of special temperatures, analogous to those of gases, at which the competing interactions balance, and the system is quasi-ideal. Although induced by weak perturbing interactions, these special temperatures are surprisingly high and constitute an accessible experimental diagnostic of eventual order or spin liquid properties. The well characterised Hamiltonian and extended low-temperature susceptibility measurement of the canonical frustrated ferromagnet Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ enables us to formulate both a phenomenological and microscopic theory of special temperatures for magnets. Other members of this new class of magnets include kapellasite Cu$_3$Zn(OH)$_6$Cl$_2$ and the spinel GeCo$_2$O$_4$.