$B-L$ violating nucleon decays as a probe of leptoquarks and implications for baryogenesis

TL;DR

This paper explores how $B-L$ violating interactions mediated by leptoquarks can lead to distinctive nucleon decay modes and offer insights into baryogenesis, providing a novel, model-independent probe of leptoquark properties and their role in matter-antimatter asymmetry.

Contribution

It introduces a new framework linking $B-L$ violating operators from leptoquarks to nucleon decay modes and baryogenesis, independent of specific ultraviolet models.

Findings

Identification of specific nucleon decay modes induced by leptoquarks.

Proposal of a model-independent method to probe leptoquark couplings.

Implications for understanding matter-antimatter asymmetry.

Abstract

We study the effective $B-L$ violating couplings for scalar and vector leptoquarks which can naturally induce dimension seven $B-L$ violating operators leading to very interesting nucleon decay modes such as $n \rightarrow e^- \pi^+, e^-K^+,\mu^- \pi^+, \mu^-K^+$ and $p \rightarrow \nu \pi^+$. This opens a new window to probe the nature and couplings of the scalar and vector leptoquarks in an ultraviolet model independent way which can provide an orthogonal probe for scalar and vector leptoquark solutions to the recent anomalous $B$-decay data. Furthermore, we also discuss how these $B-L$ violating interactions can also pave a new way to understand the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe.