Martin boundaries of representations of the Cuntz algebra

TL;DR

This paper explores the Martin boundaries associated with representations of Cuntz algebras, connecting non-commutative harmonic analysis, stochastic processes, and measure-theoretic boundaries to understand asymptotic behaviors.

Contribution

It introduces new non-commutative tools linking representation theory and stochastic analysis for Cuntz algebras, advancing the understanding of their boundary structures.

Findings

Developed measure-theoretic boundary concepts for Cuntz algebra representations

Connected non-commutative boundaries with classical topological boundaries in specific cases

Enhanced tools for analyzing asymptotic behavior in non-commutative harmonic analysis

Abstract

In a number of recent papers, the idea of generalized boundaries has found use in fractal and in multiresolution analysis; many of the papers having a focus on specific examples. Parallel with this new insight, and motivated by quantum probability, there has also been much research which seeks to study fractal and multiresolution structures with the use of certain systems of non-commutative operators; non-commutative harmonic/stochastic analysis. This in turn entails combinatorial, graph operations, and branching laws. The most versatile, of these non-commutative algebras are the Cuntz algebras; denoted $\mathcal{O}_{N}$, $N$ for the number of isometry generators. $N$ is at least 2. Our focus is on the representations of $\mathcal{O}_{N}$. We aim to develop new non-commutative tools, involving both representation theory and stochastic processes. They serve to connect these parallel developments. In outline, boundaries, Poisson, or Martin, are certain measure spaces (often associated to random walk models), designed to encode the asymptotic behavior, e.g., how trajectories diverge when the number of steps goes to infinity. We stress that our present boundaries (commutative or non-commutative) are purely measure-theoretical objects. Although, as we show, in some cases our boundaries may be compared with more familiar topological boundaries.