Magnetic excitations in bulk multiferroic two-dimensional triangular lattice antiferromagnet (Lu,Sc)FeO$_3$

TL;DR

This study investigates the spin excitation spectra of a bulk multiferroic 2D triangular lattice antiferromagnet, (Lu,Sc)FeO$_3$, revealing detailed magnetic interactions and anisotropies through neutron scattering and theoretical modeling.

Contribution

It provides the first comprehensive measurement and analysis of spin dynamics in (Lu,Sc)FeO$_3$, highlighting its magnetic properties and comparing them with related materials.

Findings

Nearest neighbor exchange coupling J = 4.0 meV

Magnon bandwidth is twice as large as in similar compounds

Anisotropy values indicate easy plane and local easy axis

Abstract

Non-collinear two-dimensional triangular lattice antiferromagnets (2D TLAF) are currently an area of very active research due to their unique magnetic properties, which lead to non-trivial quantum effects that experimentally manifest themselves in the spin excitation spectra. Recent examples of such insulating 2D TLAF include (Y,Lu)MnO$_3$, LiCrO$_2$, and CuCrO$_2$. Hexagonal LuFeO3 is a recently synthesized 2D TLAF which exhibits properties of an ideal multiferroic material, partially because of the high spin ($S=5/2$) and strong magnetic super-exchange interactions. We report the full range of spin dynamics in a bulk single crystal of (Lu$_{0.6}$Sc$_{0.4}$)FeO$_3$ (Sc doping to stabilize the hexagonal structure) measured via time-of-flight inelastic neutron scattering. Modeling with linear spin wave theory yields a nearest neighbor exchange coupling of $J$ = 4.0(2) meV (DFT calculations for $h$-LuFeO$_3$ predicted a value of 6.31 meV) and anisotropy values of $K_D$ = 0.17(1) meV (easy plane) and $K_A$~=~-0.05(1)~meV (local easy axis). It is observed that the magnon bandwidth of the spin wave spectra is twice as large for $h$-(Lu,Sc)FeO$_3$ as it is for $h$-LuMnO$_3$.