Peculiar Supernovae
Dan Milisavljevic, Raffaella Margutti

TL;DR
This paper reviews the history and classification of peculiar supernovae, illustrating how many once-peculiar types are now understood as standard variants, while highlighting the importance of multi-wavelength late-time observations for understanding their nature.
Contribution
It provides a historical perspective on supernova classification and emphasizes the role of late-time multi-wavelength observations in understanding peculiar supernovae.
Findings
Many peculiar supernovae are now recognized as standard variants.
Late-time observations are crucial for understanding supernova ejecta and progenitor systems.
Some transients like ASASSN-15lh remain scientifically contentious.
Abstract
What makes a supernova truly `peculiar?' In this chapter we attempt to address this question by tracing the history of the use of `peculiar' as a descriptor of non-standard supernovae back to the original binary spectroscopic classification of Type I vs. Type II proposed by Minkowski (1941). A handful of noteworthy examples (including SN 2012au, SN 2014C, iPTF14hls, and iPTF15eqv) are highlighted to illustrate a general theme: classes of supernovae that were once thought to be peculiar are later seen as logical branches of standard events. This is not always the case, however, and we discuss ASASSN-15lh as an example of a transient with an origin that remains contentious. We remark on how late-time observations at all wavelengths (radio-through-X-ray) that probe 1) the kinematic and chemical properties of the supernova ejecta and 2) the progenitor star system's mass loss in the terminal…
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