Vacuum stabilized by anomalous magnetic moment

TL;DR

This paper extends the Euler-Heisenberg effective action to include electron g-factors greater than 2, revealing that strong magnetic fields significantly suppress vacuum decay into electron-positron pairs, akin to mass catalysis.

Contribution

The authors analytically extend the effective action for arbitrary g-factors, enabling simplified calculations of vacuum instability under realistic electron magnetic moments.

Findings

Vacuum decay is strongly suppressed in magnetic field dominance.

Extension of effective action to g-factors > 2.

Resembles mass catalysis effect in magnetic fields.

Abstract

An analytical result for Euler-Heisenberg effective action, valid for electron spin $g-$factor $|g|<2$, was extended to the domain $|g|>2$ via discovered periodicity of the effective action. This allows for a simplified computation of vacuum instability modified by the electrons measured $g=2.002319$. We find a strong suppression of vacuum decay into electron positron pairs when magnetic fields are dominant. The result is reminiscent of mass catalysis by magnetic fields.