Personal space of autonomous car's passengers sitting in the driver's seat
Eleonore Ferrier-Barbut (Chroma), Dominique Vaufreydaz (Pervasive),, Jean-Alix David (Chroma), J\'er\^ome Lussereau (Chroma), Anne Spalanzani, (Chroma)

TL;DR
This study investigates the personal space perceived by passengers in autonomous cars, revealing a comfort zone unaffected by pedestrian number or side but influenced by the car's motion, using VR scenarios.
Contribution
It introduces a novel approach to measure human comfort zones around autonomous vehicles using virtual reality and first-person scenarios.
Findings
Comfort zone exists around the car regardless of pedestrian number or side.
Discomfort is influenced by whether the car is static or moving.
VR scenarios effectively assess passenger perception of space.
Abstract
This article deals with the specific context of an autonomous car navigating in an urban center within a shared space between pedestrians and cars. The driver delegates the control to the autonomous system while remaining seated in the driver's seat. The proposed study aims at giving a first insight into the definition of human perception of space applied to vehicles by testing the existence of a personal space around the car.It aims at measuring proxemic information about the driver's comfort zone in such conditions.Proxemics, or human perception of space, has been largely explored when applied to humans or to robots, leading to the concept of personal space, but poorly when applied to vehicles. In this article, we highlight the existence and the characteristics of a zone of comfort around the car which is not correlated to the risk of a collision between the car and other road users.…
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