Erasure code-based low storage blockchain node

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel erasure code-based system for blockchain nodes that significantly reduces storage requirements, enabling low-capacity nodes to participate and maintain decentralization in large blockchain networks.

Contribution

It introduces a new low storage node architecture using erasure codes, allowing blockchain data to be reconstructed from fewer nodes, promoting decentralization.

Findings

Reduces storage requirements for blockchain nodes

Ensures blockchain data can be reconstructed from fewer nodes

Supports participation of low-capacity nodes in blockchain networks

Abstract

The concept of a decentralized ledger usually implies that each node of a blockchain network stores the entire blockchain. However, in the case of popular blockchains, which each weigh several hundreds of GB, the large amount of data to be stored can incite new or low-capacity nodes to run lightweight clients. Such nodes do not participate to the global storage effort and can result in a centralization of the blockchain by very few nodes, which is contrary to the basic concepts of a blockchain. To avoid this problem, we propose new low storage nodes that store a reduced amount of data generated from the blockchain by using erasure codes. The properties of this technique ensure that any block of the chain can be easily rebuild from a small number of such nodes. This system should encourage low storage nodes to contribute to the storage of the blockchain and to maintain decentralization despite of a globally increasing size of the blockchain. This system paves the way to new types of blockchains which would only be managed by low capacity nodes.