Universal, high-fidelity quantum gates based on superadiabatic, geometric phases on a solid-state spin-qubit at room temperature

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the first implementation of superadiabatic, geometric quantum gates on a solid-state spin qubit, achieving high fidelity and speed, which advances scalable quantum computing in noisy environments.

Contribution

It introduces a novel, minimal-resource method for implementing universal non-Abelian geometric quantum gates using superadiabatic evolution on a solid-state spin system.

Findings

Achieved high-fidelity, fast quantum gates on nitrogen vacancy center in diamond.

Demonstrated robustness of gates under realistic noise conditions.

First experimental realization of superadiabatic geometric quantum gates on a solid-state qubit.

Abstract

Geometric phases and holonomies (their non-commuting generalizations) are a promising resource for the realization of high-fidelity quantum operations in noisy devices, due to their intrinsic fault-tolerance against noise and experimental imperfections. Despite their conceptual appeal and proven fault-tolerance, for a long time their practical use in quantum computing was limited to proof of principle demonstrations. Only in 2012 Sj\"oqvist et al. formulated a strategy to generate non-Abelian (i.e. holonomic) quantum gates through non-adiabatic transformation. Successful experimental demonstrations of this concept followed on various physical qubit systems and proved the feasibility of this fast, holonomic quantum gate concept. Despite these successes, the experimental implementation of such non-Abelian quantum gates remains experimentally challenging since in general the emergence of a suitable holonomy requires encoding of the logical qubit within a three (or higher) level system being driven by two (or more) control fields. A very recent proposal by Liang et al. offers an elegant solution generating a non-Abelian, geometric quantum gate on a simple, two-level system driven by one control field. Exploiting the concept of transitionless quantum driving it allows the generation of universal geometric quantum gates through superadiabatic evolution. This concept thus generates fast and robust phase-based quantum gates on the basis of minimal experimental resources. Here, we report on the first such implementation of a set of non-commuting single-qubit superadiabatic geometric quantum gates on the electron spin of the negatively charged nitrogen vacancy center in diamond. The realized quantum gates combine high-fidelity and fast quantum gate performance. This provides a promising and powerful tool for large-scale quantum computing under realistic, noisy experimental conditions.