HD66051: the first eclipsing binary hosting an early-type magnetic star

TL;DR

This study reports the discovery and detailed analysis of HD66051, the first eclipsing binary with an early-type magnetic star, revealing magnetic properties, chemical peculiarities, and fundamental parameters crucial for stellar evolution models.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed characterization of an eclipsing binary with an early-type magnetic star, including magnetic field structure, chemical abundances, and precise fundamental parameters.

Findings

Detected a weak magnetic field on the primary star.

Determined fundamental masses and radii with 1-3% precision.

Identified the primary as a magnetic chemically peculiar star.

Abstract

Early-type magnetic stars are rarely found in close binary systems. No such objects were known in eclipsing binaries prior to this study. Here we investigated the eclipsing, spectroscopic double-lined binary HD66051, which exhibits out-of-eclipse photometric variations suggestive of surface brightness inhomogeneities typical of early-type magnetic stars. Using a new set of high-resolution spectropolarimetric observations, we discovered a weak magnetic field on the primary and found intrinsic, element-dependent variability in its spectral lines. The magnetic field structure of the primary is dominated by a nearly axisymmetric dipolar component with a polar field strength $B_{\rm d}\approx600$ G and an inclination with respect to the rotation axis of $\beta_{\rm d}=13^{\rm o}$. A weaker quadrupolar component is also likely to be present. We combined the radial velocity measurements derived from our spectra with archival optical photometry to determine fundamental masses (3.16 and 1.75 $M_\odot$) and radii (2.78 and 1.39 $R_\odot$) with a 1-3% precision. We also obtained a refined estimate of the effective temperatures (13000 and 9000 K) and studied chemical abundances for both components with the help of disentangled spectra. We demonstrate that the primary component of HD66051 is a typical late-B magnetic chemically peculiar star with a non-uniform surface chemical abundance distribution. It is not an HgMn-type star as suggested by recent studies. The secondary is a metallic-line star showing neither a strong, global magnetic field nor intrinsic spectral variability. Fundamental parameters provided by our work for this interesting system open unique possibilities for probing interior structure, studying atomic diffusion, and constraining binary star evolution.