Recurrence Relations of the Multi-Indexed Orthogonal Polynomials V : Racah and $q$-Racah types

TL;DR

This paper derives new recurrence relations for multi-indexed Racah and q-Racah orthogonal polynomials, enabling the construction of associated quantum operators and extending previous work on other polynomial types.

Contribution

It introduces explicit recurrence relations for Racah and q-Racah polynomials, including constant coefficient forms, and develops related quantum mechanical operators.

Findings

Derived 3+2M term recurrence relations with variable coefficients.

Established 1+2L term recurrence relations with constant coefficients.

Connected recurrence relations to quantum creation and annihilation operators.

Abstract

In previous papers, we discussed the recurrence relations of the multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials of the Laguerre, Jacobi, Wilson and Askey-Wilson types. In this paper we explore those of the Racah and $q$-Racah types. For the $M$-indexed ($q$-)Racah polynomials, we derive $3+2M$ term recurrence relations with variable dependent coefficients and $1+2L$ term ($L\geq M+1$) recurrence relations with constant coefficients. Based on the latter, the generalized closure relations and the creation and annihilation operators of the quantum mechanical systems described by the multi-indexed ($q$-)Racah polynomials are obtained. In appendix we present a proof and some data of the recurrence relations with constant coefficients for the multi-indexed Wilson and Askey-Wilson polynomials.