Detection of CI line emission towards the oxygen-rich AGB star omi Cet

TL;DR

This paper reports the first detection of atomic carbon CI emission in the envelope of the oxygen-rich AGB star omi Cet, suggesting a potential link to UV radiation from a binary companion, and confirms CI detection around V Hya.

Contribution

First detection of CI emission in an oxygen-rich AGB star's envelope and analysis of its possible origin from a binary companion's UV radiation.

Findings

CI emission detected in omi Cet's envelope with a shell model fit.

CI emission shifted by ~4 km/s indicating a possible origin near the binary companion.

Confirmation of CI detection around V Hya, a carbon-rich AGB star.

Abstract

We present the detection of neutral atomic carbon CI(3 P1 - 3 P0 ) line emission towards omi Cet. This is the first time that CI is detected in the envelope around an oxygen-rich M-type asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star. We also confirm the previously tentative CI detection around V Hya, a carbon-rich AGB star. As one of the main photodissociation products of parent species in the circumstellar envelope (CSE) around evolved stars, CI can be used to trace sources of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in CSEs. The observed flux density towards omi Cet can be reproduced by a shell with a peak atomic fractional abundance of $2.4 \times 10^{-5}$ predicted based on a simple chemical model where CO is dissociated by the interstellar radiation field. However, the CI emission is shifted by $\sim$ 4 km/s from the stellar velocity. Based on this velocity shift, we suggest that the detected CI emission towards omi Cet potentially arises from a compact region near its hot binary companion. The velocity shift could, therefore, be the result of the orbital velocity of the binary companion around omi Cet. In this case, the CI column density is estimated to be $1.1 \times 10^{19}$ cm$^{-2}$. This would imply that strong UV radiation from the companion and/or accretion of matter between two stars is most likely the origin of the CI enhancement. However, this hypothesis can be confirmed by high-angular resolution observations.