MIKiS: the Multi-Instrument Kinematic Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. I. Velocity dispersion profiles and rotation signals of 11 globular clusters

TL;DR

This paper presents the initial results of a comprehensive survey of 11 Galactic globular clusters, revealing their internal kinematic properties, including velocity dispersion profiles and rotation signals, using advanced spectroscopic observations.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed kinematic analysis of these clusters, including new characterizations of NGC 1261 and NGC 6496, and demonstrates the presence of rotation and velocity dispersion trends.

Findings

Velocity dispersion declines with radius in all clusters.

Most clusters show evidence of internal rotation.

Results align with theoretical models of cluster formation.

Abstract

We present the first results of the Multi-Instrument Kinematic Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters, a project aimed at exploring the internal kinematics of a representative sample of Galactic globular clusters from the radial velocity of individual stars, covering the entire radial extension of each system. This is achieved by exploiting the formidable combination of multi-object and integral field unit spectroscopic facilities of the ESO Very Large Telescope. As a first step, here we discuss the results obtained for 11 clusters from high and medium resolution spectra acquired through a combination of FLAMES and KMOS observations. We provide the first kinematical characterization of NGC 1261 and NGC 6496. In all the surveyed systems, the velocity dispersion profile declines at increasing radii, in agreement with the expectation from the King model that best fits the density/luminosity profile. In the majority of the surveyed systems we find evidence of rotation within a few half-mass radii from the center. These results are in general overall agreement with the predictions of recent theoretical studies, suggesting that the detected signals could be the relic of significant internal rotation set at the epoch of the cluster's formation.