Breaking Chiral Symmetry with Microfluidics

TL;DR

This paper presents a microfluidic method to produce single-handed chiral structures by controlling the packing geometry of multi-component emulsions, supported by an analytical model predicting pattern formation based on local bending dynamics.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel microfluidic approach for biased chiral structure formation and develops an analytical model based on local bending dynamics rather than global energy minimization.

Findings

Experimental results match the predictions of the analytical model.

The model accurately predicts the formation of checkerboard or stripe patterns.

Microfluidic techniques successfully produce single-handed chiral structures.

Abstract

A robust route for the biased production of single-handed chiral structures has been found in generating non-spherical, multi-component double emulsions using microfluidics. The specific type of handedness is determined by the final packing geometry of four different inner drops inside an ultra-thin sheath of oil. Before three-dimensional chiral structures are formed, the quasi-one-dimensional chain re-arranges in two dimensions into either checkerboard or stripe patterns. We derive an analytical model predicting which pattern is more likely and assembles in the least amount of time. Moreover, our dimensionless model accurately predicts our experimental results and is based on local bending dynamics, rather than global surface energy minimization. This better reflects the underlying self-assembly process which will not, in general, reach a global energy minimum. In summary, using glass microfluidic techniques for channeling aqueous fluids through narrow orifices of multi-bore injection capillaries while encapsulating these fluids as drops inside an ultra-thin sheath of oil is sufficient to produce single-handed chiral structures.