Discontinuous shear-thickening in Brownian suspensions

TL;DR

This study uses computer simulations to understand discontinuous shear-thickening in colloidal suspensions, revealing how thermal fluctuations, particle softness, and shear flow interplay to cause a transition between different jamming regimes, aligning well with experiments.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive simulation-based model that captures the key factors driving shear-thickening in colloids, including thermal effects and particle softness, without hydrodynamics or inertia.

Findings

Shear-thickening is a crossover between frictionless and frictional jamming regimes.

Thermal fluctuations and particle softness control the shear-thickening transition.

Quantitative agreement with experimental results is achieved.

Abstract

Discontinuous shear-thickening in dense suspensions naturally emerges from the activation of frictional forces by shear flow in non-Brownian systems close to jamming. Yet, this physical picture is incomplete as most experiments study soft colloidal particles subject to thermal fluctuations. To characterise discontinuous shear-thickening in colloidal suspensions we use computer simulations to provide a complete description of the competition between athermal jamming, frictional forces, thermal motion, particle softness, and shear flow. We intentionally neglect hydrodynamics, electrostatics, lubrication, and inertia, but can nevertheless achieve quantitative agreement with experimental findings. In particular, shear-thickening corresponds to a crossover between frictionless and frictional jamming regimes which is controlled by thermal fluctuations and particle softness and occurs at a softness dependent P\'eclet number. We also explore the consequences of our findings for constant pressure experiments, and critically discuss the reported emergence of `S-shaped' flow curves. Our work provides the minimal ingredients to quantitatively interpret a large body of experimental work on discontinuous shear-thickening in colloidal suspensions.