Stochastic Thermodynamics and Hierarchy of Fluctuation Theorems with Multiple Reservoirs

TL;DR

This paper reformulates stochastic thermodynamics for Langevin systems with multiple reservoirs, deriving a hierarchy of fluctuation theorems that impose stricter thermodynamic bounds, and demonstrates their importance in noise-mixing environments.

Contribution

It introduces a hierarchy of fluctuation theorems for systems affected by multiple reservoirs, extending the understanding of thermodynamic bounds in noise-mixing scenarios.

Findings

Derived a hierarchy of fluctuation theorems for noise-mixing systems

Established stricter second law bounds for Langevin systems with multiple reservoirs

Showed the impact of new bounds on the performance of stochastic machines

Abstract

We reformulate stochastic thermodynamics in terms of noise realizations for Langevin systems in contact with multiple reservoirs and investigated the structure of the second laws of thermodynamics. We derive a hierarchy of fluctuation theorems when one degree of freedom of the system is affected by multiple reservoirs simultaneously, that is, when noise mixing occurs. These theorems and the associated second laws of thermodynamics put stricter bounds on the thermodynamics of Langevin systems. We apply our results to a stochastic machine in noise-mixing environments and demonstrate that our new bounds play a crucial role in determining the potential function and performance of the machine.