Electrothermally modulated stop-go microvalves for capillary transport systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel electrothermal microvalve mechanism that dynamically controls capillary flow by tuning electrical frequency, leveraging asymmetric wettability and electrothermal effects for precise interface manipulation.

Contribution

It presents a new electrothermal valving approach in capillary systems using asymmetric wettability and electrical tuning to control interface motion and flow dynamics.

Findings

Flow speed and residence time can be precisely modulated.

Interface pinning and acceleration-deceleration are controllable via electrical frequency.

Potential applications in bio-microfluidics and reaction chemistry investigation.

Abstract

In this article, we show a novel approach to implementing valving action in a dynamically evolving capillary filling process, by exploiting alternating current electrothermal (ACET) mechanism. The surfaces of the top and bottom walls of the capillary are asymmetrically patched with two different wettabilities. Our observations reveal that by exploiting an intricate interplay of the electrothermal effects and interfacial tension modulation, the acceleration-deceleration motion of the interface and interface pinning at specific locations may be delicately tuned. This, in turn, modulates the flow speed and residence time of the interface at designated locations, with a simple tuning of the frequency of the electrical signal. The present study, thus, unveils a novel micro valving mechanism achieved via effective manoeuvring of the interfacial electrochemistry where active and passive control mechanisms can be utilized simultaneously to achieve control over the interfacial motion of the two-phase system. This may bear far-reaching consequence in optimizing several applications in the bio-microfluidic domain, including devising novel miniaturized platforms for locally investigating reaction chemistries.